By Avelludo - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=148021468
For the first time, Brazil will host the upcoming G20 Summit in Rio de Janeiro from 18 to 19 November. This summit brings together leaders from the world's largest economies to address pressing global issues under the theme ‘Building a Just World and a Sustainable Planet’. Created in 1999, the G20 is a forum for international economic cooperation which aims to promote international financial stability and sustainable economic growth. But its focus has expanded over the years to include a wide range of global challenges. The G20 Brazilian Presidency’s three agenda items are social inclusion and the fight against hunger, the energy transition and sustainable development and reforming global governance institutions.
The relevance of the G20
The G20 Summit comes at a time of geopolitical tensions, economic anxieties and the impacts of climate change. It also convenes in a period where the effectiveness of supranational organisations is under question. What is the role of the G20 in the modern world, and is it still a relevant forum for global cooperation and problem solving? One of the core strengths of the G20 is its ability to bring together nations and regional blocs with diverse political and economic systems to address common concerns. In 2023, the African Union was admitted as a permanent member of the G20, with South Africa set to take over the presidency of the forum in 2025. Additionally, the G20’s agenda has expanded over the years to include pressing issues outside of finance. The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine will likely be discussed at the summit. The G20 will also push for the ratification of the Global Alliance Against Hunger and Poverty, which aims to accelerate efforts to eradicate hunger and reduce inequalities. Brazil’s presidency also includes the G20 Social Summit, a platform to include voices from civil society in policy discussions. Children will also participate in a G20 Summit for the first time, with three teenagers delivering a letter to world leaders containing messages from children across the world on how to promote children’s participation in global decision-making. The G20 Environment and Climate Sustainability Ministerial Meeting also ensures that climate change is also on the agenda.
The upcoming G20 Summit can be more than just a meeting of world leaders. It can be a platform for promoting cooperation and inclusion. By addressing the myriad of challenges and promoting cooperation among nations with differing interests, the G20 continues to play a pivotal role in shaping a more stable and prosperous world.
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