Why Networked Multilateralism Matters

Photo by Vardan Papikyan on Unsplash

The 2026 Global Cooperation Barometer, published by the World Economic Forum in collaboration with McKinsey & Company, finds that global cooperation has remained resilient despite significant challenges. However, its composition is shifting. Geopolitical rivalries, trade fragmentation, and weakened trust in traditional institutions have created uncertainty for governments and businesses alike. In this context, networked multilateralism emerges. A modern approach to global cooperation, networked multilateralism emphasises flexible, inclusive networks of diverse actors beyond just states working together to solve complex challenges. 

António Guterres’ 'Our Common Agenda' report highlights networked multilateralism as essential for renewing trust in global governance and ensuring solidarity in tackling shared threats. Rather than a single negotiating table, networked multilateralism takes the approach of a web of collaboration. It brings together states, international organisations like the UN, Civil Society Organisations (CSOs), private sector stakeholders, academia and community leaders. The result is an inclusive, resilient and responsive ecosystem. At its core, networked multilateralism recognises the multidimensional nature of global problems. Climate change, inequality and economic cannot be solved by states alone. Instead, solutions require multi-actor collaboration that integrates formal institutions like the UN with informal coalitions, regional bodies, and transnational networks. 

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How It Works

Key characteristics of networked multilateralism are: 

• Inclusive participation: Governments, NGOs, businesses, academia, and local communities complement one another and play unique roles. 

• Flexible structures: This approach moves away from rigid treaties and towards adaptive, network-based partnerships. 

• Collaborative problem-solving: These partnerships encourage co-created solutions across different sectors. 

• Integrated action: Aligning efforts across local, national, and global levels encourages more cohesive action. 

• Resilience and adaptability: This form of multilateralism is designed to quickly respond to crises. 

There are real-life success stories of networked multilateralism. Crises like COVID-19 lockdown and ensuing logistical challenges with vaccine distribution necessitated involvement from different actors. CSOs, NGOs and private sector stakeholders come together to address challenges such as climate change (with the Climate Action Network as an example), global health (as with the eradication of smallpox) and development cooperation. 

Networked multilateralism is not a replacement for traditional diplomacy, nor is it just a buzzword. But it can be a complementary model, offering a practical response to the realities of globalisation and interconnected crises. It strengthens legitimacy by keeping states at the centre while expanding the circle of actors. It reflects the interconnected reality of the 21st century. By weaving together diverse partnerships, this model ensures that global cooperation is more inclusive, more resilient, and better equipped to deliver meaningful results at scale.